Re: [Libguestfs] [libnbd PATCH] docs: Clarify how callbacks should handle errors

Recent patches have demonstrated confusion on which order callbacks are reached, when it is safe or dangerous to ignore *error, and what a completion callback should do when auto-retirement is in use. Add wording to make it more obvious that: - mid-command callbacks are reached before the completion callback, and returning -1 does not prevent future callbacks - ignoring *error in a mid-command callback is safe - completion callbacks are reached unconditionally, and must NOT ignore *error - if auto-retirement is in use, completion callbacks should always use it rather than trying to return -1 on error - the contents of buf after nbd_pread and friends is unspecified on error --- docs/libnbd.pod | 44 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------- generator/API.ml | 24 ++++++++++++++++++------ 2 files changed, 53 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-) diff --git a/docs/libnbd.pod b/docs/libnbd.pod index 32088f64..006d530c 100644 --- a/docs/libnbd.pod +++ b/docs/libnbd.pod @@ -870,15 +870,41 @@ still needs to be retired. =head2 Callbacks with C<int *error> parameter Some of the high-level commands (L<nbd_pread_structured(3)>, -L<nbd_block_status(3)>) involve the use of a callback function invoked by -the state machine at appropriate points in the server's reply before -the overall command is complete. These callback functions, along with -all of the completion callbacks, include a parameter C<error> -containing the value of any error detected so far; if the callback -function fails, it should assign back into C<error> and return C<-1> -to change the resulting error of the overall command. Assignments -into C<error> are ignored for any other return value; similarly, -assigning C<0> into C<error> does not have an effect. +L<nbd_block_status(3)>) involve the use of a callback function invoked +by the state machine at appropriate points in the server's reply +before the overall command is complete. These callback functions, +along with all of the completion callbacks, include a parameter +C<error> containing the value of any error detected so far. If a

+callback function fails and wants to change the resulting error of the +overall command visible later in the API sequence, it should assign +back into C<error> and return C<-1>. Assignments into C<error> are +ignored for any other return value; similarly, assigning C<0> into +C<error> does not have an effect.

+ +Note that a mid-command callback might never be reached, such as if +libnbd detects that the command was invalid to send (see +L<nbd_set_strict_mode(3)>) or if the server reports a failure. It is +safe for a mid-command callback to ignore non-zero C<error>: all the +other parameters to the mid-command callback will still be valid +(corresponding to the current portion of the server's reply), and the +overall command will still fail (at the completion callback or +L<nbd_aio_command_completed(3)> for an asynchronous command, or as the +result of the overall synchronous command). Returing C<-1> from a +mid-command callback does not prevent that callback from being reached +again, if the server sends more mid-command replies that warrant +another use of that callback. A mid-command callback may be reached +more times than expected if the server is non-compliant. + +On the other hand, if a completion callback is supplied (only possible +with asynchronous commands), it will always be reached exactly once, +and the completion callback must not ignore the value of C<error>. In +particular, the content of a buffer passed to L<nbd_aio_pread(3)> or +L<nbd_aio_pread_structured(3)> is unspecified if C<error> is set on +entry to the completion callback. It is recommended that if your code +uses automatic command retirement, then the completion function should +return C<1> on all control paths, even when handling errors (note that +with automatic retirement, assigning into C<error> is pointless as +there is no later API to see that value).

=head1 COMPILING YOUR PROGRAM diff --git a/generator/API.ml b/generator/API.ml index cf2e7543..bdb8e7c8 100644 --- a/generator/API.ml +++ b/generator/API.ml @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ (* hey emacs, this is OCaml code: -*- tuareg -*- *) (* nbd client library in userspace: the API - * Copyright (C) 2013-2021 Red Hat Inc. + * Copyright (C) 2013-2022 Red Hat Inc. * * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public @@ -1829,7 +1829,9 @@ "pread", { L<nbd_get_block_size(3)>. The C<flags> parameter must be C<0> for now (it exists for future NBD -protocol extensions)." +protocol extensions). + +Note that if this command fails, the contents of C<buf> are unspecified." ^ strict_call_description; see_also = [Link "aio_pread"; Link "pread_structured"; Link "get_block_size"; Link "set_strict_mode"]; @@ -1914,7 +1916,9 @@ "pread_structured", { C<LIBNBD_CMD_FLAG_DF> meaning that the server should not reply with more than one fragment (if that is supported - some servers cannot do this, see L<nbd_can_df(3)>). Libnbd does not validate that the server -actually obeys the flag." +actually obeys the flag. + +Note that if this command fails, the contents of C<buf> are unspecified." ^ strict_call_description; see_also = [Link "can_df"; Link "pread"; Link "aio_pread_structured"; Link "get_block_size"; @@ -2155,7 +2159,8 @@ "block_status", { for contexts known to libnbd, B<E<lt>libnbd.hE<gt>> contains constants beginning with C<LIBNBD_STATE_> that may help decipher the values. On entry to the callback, the C<error> parameter contains the errno -value of any previously detected error. +value of any previously detected error, but even if an earlier error +was detected, the current C<metacontext> and C<entries> are valid. It is possible for the extent function to be called more times than you expect (if the server is buggy), @@ -2454,7 +2459,10 @@ "aio_pread", { as described in L<libnbd(3)/Completion callbacks>. Note that you must ensure C<buf> is valid until the command has -completed. Other parameters behave as documented in L<nbd_pread(3)>." +completed. Furthermore, the contents of C<buf> are unspecified if the +C<error> parameter to C<completion_callback> is set, or if +L<nbd_aio_command_completed(3)> reports failure. Other parameters behave +as documented in L<nbd_pread(3)>." ^ strict_call_description; example = Some "examples/aio-connect-read.c"; see_also = [SectionLink "Issuing asynchronous commands"; @@ -2478,7 +2486,11 @@ "aio_pread_structured", { Or supply the optional C<completion_callback> which will be invoked as described in L<libnbd(3)/Completion callbacks>. -Other parameters behave as documented in L<nbd_pread_structured(3)>." +Note that you must ensure C<buf> is valid until the command has +completed. Furthermore, the contents of C<buf> are unspecified if the +C<error> parameter to C<completion_callback> is set, or if +L<nbd_aio_command_completed(3)> reports failure. Other parameters behave +as documented in L<nbd_pread_structured(3)>." ^ strict_call_description; see_also = [SectionLink "Issuing asynchronous commands"; Link "aio_pread"; Link "pread_structured"; --