On Fri, Aug 26, 2022 at 01:37:37PM +0100, Richard W.M. Jones wrote:
>
> Shebang interpretation is sometimes by the kernel, and sometimes by
> the shell, and it differs by OS. Some OS's do word-splitting on the
> rest of the shebang after the first space, some treat the entire rest
> of the line as a single argument.
>
> For a nice summary of some of the warts of shebang lines, see
>
>
https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/29608/why-is-it-better-to-use-us...
>
> If you are worried about /bin/bash being available on all systems
> where a v2v script will be installed, you probably want '#!/bin/env
> bash' to find the first bash in PATH. But once you add your first
> whitespace, it is no longer portable to use any others, so while
> '#!/bin/bash -' works, '#!/bin/env bash -' does not. I find that
the
> issue of writing a shebang to use a program that may not always be
> installed in the same absolute location across all OSs (and therefore
> where '#!/bin/env name' is useful) is more common than the issue of
> writing a shebang that wants to pass an explicit '-' or '--'
> end-of-option marker to protect against the script being installed
> under a name like '-c ls'.
Fedora packaging guidelines -- rightly or wrongly -- forbid #!/usr/bin/env:
https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/packaging-guidelines/#_shebang_lines
although apparently RPM rewrites them automatically so perhaps we
would not notice.
Yeah, for an executable installed as part of the system, you really DO
want it hard-coded to the interpreter also installed by the system
(because that's what was integration-tested), and not using env (which
is dependent on the user's environment on whether it behaves the same
or picks a different interpreter than what the system
integration-tested). It's a good policy for the RPM, but less so for
scripts that are not installed as part of a single system (that is,
scripts in $HOME/bin that is network-mounted across multiple different
OSs is very much a good place to use #!/bin/env).
--
Eric Blake, Principal Software Engineer
Red Hat, Inc. +1-919-301-3266
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