#!/usr/bin/env python3 def abc(*args, **kwargs): print(args) print(kwargs) def with_positional(a, b, c, *args, **kwargs): print(a, b, c) print(args) print(kwargs) # Wrong: cannot define keyword arguments before positional #def with_keyword(a=None, b=None, c=None, *args, **kwargs): # pass def with_keyword(*args, a=None, b=None, c=None, **kwargs): print(a, b, c) print(args) print(kwargs) # This is also possible def with_keyword2(*args, a, b, c, **kwargs): pass print(a, b, c) print(args) print(kwargs) # (1, 'abc') # {'foo': 2, 'bar': 3} abc(1, 'abc', foo=2, bar=3) # Wrong: cannot pass positional arguments after keyword arguments #abc(1, 'abc', foo=2, bar=3, 4, 5) print('---') # 1 2 3 # (4, 5) # {'foo': 10, 'bar': 11} with_positional(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, foo=10, bar=11) # Wrong: a,b,c are alrady bound to 4,5,6 #with_positional(4, 5, 6, foo=10, bar=11, a=1, b=2, c=3) # This works as one would expect with_positional(a=1, b=2, c=3, foo=10, bar=11) # These two are wrong #with_positional(4, a=1, b=2, c=3, foo=10, bar=11) #with_positional(a=1, b=2, c=3, 4, foo=10, bar=11) print('---') with_keyword(4, 5, foo=10, bar=11) with_keyword(4, 5, foo=10, bar=11, a=1, b=2, c=3) # These two are equivalent with_keyword2(foo=10, bar=11, a=1, b=2, c=3) with_keyword2(a=1, b=2, c=3, foo=10, bar=11)